Is a once-daily human GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) analogue
approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults.1
Has 97% similar to the body’s own hormone (GLP-1). GLP-1 is a natural
hormone in the body that plays a critical role in maintaining a healthy level of sugar in the blood. In type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 production and
Lowers blood sugar levels by stimulating the release of insulin from beta
cells and reducing the release of glucagon from alpha cells when blood
sugar levels are high and by slowing gastric emptying.1
o Insulin lowers blood sugar by increasing sugar uptake primarily in
o Glucagon increases blood sugar primarily by releasing sugar stores
Also, reduces body weight and body fat mass in people with type 2
diabetes through mechanisms involving reduced hunger and lowered energy intake.1
Is a once-daily injection given any time of day independent of meals.1
Was extensively tested in a clinical trial programme including more than
Novo Nordisk A/S
Has been directly compared, in terms of safety and efficacy, against
commonly-used diabetes treatments like glimepiride, rosiglitazone,
glargine, exenatide and sitagliptin in phase 3a and b clinical trials.3-9
Has been documented in clinical trials to:
o Improve the function of insulin-producing beta cells3-9
Note: Victoza® is indicated for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes
mellitus to achieve glycaemic control in combination with:
Metformin or a sulphonylurea in patients with insufficient
glycaemic control despite maximal tolerated dose of monotherapy with metformin or sulphonylurea.
Metformin and a sulphonylurea or metformin and a
thiazolidinedione in patients with insufficient glycaemic control
Novo Nordisk A/S
1. Victoza® Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) is available at novonordisk.com. Victoza
2. Højberg PV et al. Four weeks of near-normalisation of blood glucose improves the insulin
response to glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2009;52:199–207.
3. Marre M et al. Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, added to a sulphonylurea over
26 weeks produces greater improvements in glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (LEAD-1 SU). Diabetic Medicine 2009;268-278.
4. Nauck M et al. Efficacy and safety comparison of liraglutide, glimepiride, and placebo, all in
combination with metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-2 Met). Diabetes Care 2009;
5. Garber A et al. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3
Mono): a randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. Lancet 2009;
6. Zinman B et al. Efficacy and safety of the human GLP-1 analog liraglutide in combination with
metformin and TZD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-4 Met+TZD). Diabetes
7. Russell-Jones D et al. Liraglutide vs insulin glargine and placebo in combination with
metformin and sulphonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomised controlled
trial (LEAD-5 met+SU). Diabetologia 2009; in press.
8. Buse J et al. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: a 26-
week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6). Lancet 2009; 374
9. Novo Nordisk Interim financial report for the period 1 January 2009 to 30 June 2009 (6
Novo Nordisk A/S
RDU Update RDU Update National Center for Pharmaceutical Access and Management, Department of Health c/o Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Medicine University of the Philippines A quarterly publication on the rational use of drugs of the 547 Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, Manila, Philippines 1000 National Center for Pharmaceutical Access and Management, Dep
Surveillance and Response to Prevent Malaria Re-emergence Alexandre Macedo de Oliveira, MD, MSc, PhD Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria Centers for Disease Control and Prevention • Discuss thoughts about malaria reemergence (thoughts, due to limited information on the topic) • Discuss interventions to prevent and/or respond to such events • K